
I've been thinking about the concept of "need finding" for a while now. Design research often frames "the problem" in terms of needs that can be "filled." I've always felt this approach was a bit symptomatic, negative, and misleading—though I'm completely guilty of it. Thus, I was excited to read the above quote on the
Participle website, referring to their
Southwark Circle project.
Through their research on the aging population, they found that the this group didn't really have many needs (and didn't like people referring to them as needs), but they had skills that could benefit the community. This perspective shifts problem framing to include human potential (as well as needs) and zooms out from the "target user" to the entire community, creating a more holistic view of the "human space" of problems.
I like to think of design as being in the role of creating concepts that support and transform peoples' lives. Essentially, helping them to be better, to do their job better, to live happier, to attain their goals, etc. When we frame things as needs, we frame them in negative terms. Aaron Sklar and David Gilmore of IDEO
wrote an article for Interactions Magazine (about 5 years ago) that challenged the usability testing field to be inspired by the positive psychology movement, and reframe testing in positive terms. Design is an optimistic process, and therefore it might be beneficial to approach projects in a positive light, from the earliest phases of research and project framing. Let's call it
potential finding.
The answer often lies in the way you ask the question, so here are some questions that I am going to begin asking at the beginning of projects from now on:
– What are participants good at?
– What do they enjoy the most about this experience?
– What could they contribute to this experience?
– How could society/community benefit from this person?
– How can we empower this person?
Of course, there are questions about how much profit can be made from "helping people help themselves."
Labels: design, design research, needfinding, participle, research